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- $Unique_ID{BRK03914}
- $Pretitle{}
- $Title{Lactose Intolerance}
- $Subject{Lactose Intolerance Lactase Deficiency Disaccharidase Deficiency
- Alactasia}
- $Volume{}
- $Log{}
-
- Copyright (C) 1986, 1987, 1988 National Organization for Rare Disorders,
- Inc.
-
- 117:
- Lactose Intolerance
-
- ** IMPORTANT **
- It is possible that the main title of the article (Lactose Intolerance)
- is not the name you expected. Please check the SYNONYMS listing to find
- alternate names and disorder subdivisions covered by this article.
-
- Synonyms
-
- Lactase Deficiency
- Disaccharidase Deficiency
- Alactasia
-
- General Discussion
-
- ** REMINDER **
- The information contained in the Rare Disease Database is provided for
- educational purposes only. It should not be used for diagnostic or treatment
- purposes. If you wish to obtain more information about this disorder, please
- contact your personal physician and/or the agencies listed in the "Resources"
- section.
-
-
- Malabsorption syndromes result from impaired absorption of nutrients from
- the small bowel. Lactose Intolerance is characterized by diarrhea and
- abdominal distention. A lack of one or more intestinal enzymes results in an
- inability to digest certain carbohydrates.
-
- Lactase, maltase, isomaltase, and sucrase usually split disaccharides (a
- class of sugars containing two or more simple sugars) into monosaccharides
- (simple sugars) in the small intestine. Lactase is an intestinal enzyme
- which splits lactose (a disaccharide commonly called milk sugar) into glucose
- and galactose. Glucose and galactose are then absorbed by an active
- transport system in the small bowel. In patients with an intolerance for
- carbohydrates, the enzymes which digest these disaccharides in the small
- bowel are lacking. Symptoms generally develop after eating or drinking many
- kinds of carbohydrates.
-
- Symptoms
-
- Characteristically, children with an Lactose Intolerance, and thus the
- inability to tolerate types of sugar, have diarrhea and may be unable to gain
- weight. Symptoms in a adult may include rumbling noises in the intestines
- (borborygmi), bloating, and flatus. Nausea, diarrhea, and abdominal cramps
- may also be present. Diarrhea may be severe enough to even purge other
- nutrients before they can be absorbed.
-
- Patients with lactose intolerance may indicate a history of milk
- intolerance. Some individuals recognize the intolerance early in life and
- either consciously or sometimes unconsciously make an effort to avoid eating
- or drinking foods containing dairy products. Tests are available for
- diagnosis of lactose intolerance, which is a hereditary disorder usually
- getting worse with age.
-
- Causes
-
- The inability to digest carbohydrates caused by a lack of one or more
- intestinal enzymes results in Lactose Intolerance. Lactase deficiency is a
- genetic condition occuring fairly commonly among adults in all ethnic groups.
- Asians, Blacks and people of Jewish decent may have a higher than normal
- incidence of lactose intolerance.
-
- An extremely rare congenital disorder is known as glucose-galactose
- intolerance. Sucrase and isomaltase deficiencies are also rare.
-
- Therapies: Standard
-
- Lactose Intolerance is easily controlled by a lactose-free diet. The
- disorder is often managed simply by abstaining from dairy products. (For
- more information, please the article "Dietary Strategies for Lactose
- Intolerance" in the Prevalent Health Conditions/Concerns area of NORD
- Services.
-
- Several lactose reduced dairy products are available in grocery stores
- (including milk, ice cream, cottage cheese, etc. The enzyme that breaks down
- lactose is also available in tablets or drops that can be added to foods.
- Lactaid liquid can be added to milk to break down the lactose and make it
- digestible to people with this disorder. Lactaid tablets can be taken within
- one-half hour of eating dairy products which replaces the missing enzyme,
- enabling patients to eat a normal diet. For more information about
- availability of this enzyme (or free samples), please contact:
-
- Lactaid, Inc.
- P.O. Box 111
- Pleasantville, NJ 08232
- 1-800-257-8650
-
- Therapies: Investigational
-
- This disease entry is based upon medical information available through
- September 1988. Since NORD's resources are limited, it is not possible to
- keep every entry in the Rare Disease Database completely current and
- accurate. Please check with the agencies listed in the Resources section for
- the most current information about this disorder.
-
- Resources
-
- For more information on Lactose Intolerance, please contact:
-
- National Organization for Rare Disorders (NORD)
- P.O. Box 8923
- New Fairfield, CT 06812-1783
- (203) 746-6518
-
- National Digestive Diseases Information Clearinghouse
- Box NDIC
- Bethesda, MD 20892
- (301) 468-2162
-
- For free information on Lactose Intolerance, contact:
-
- Lactose Intolerance/HL
- National Institutes of Health
- Bldg. 31, Rm. 2B23
- 9000 Rockville Pike
- Bethesda, MD 20892
-
- References
-
- THE MERCK MANUAL 15th ed: R. Berkow, et al: eds; Merck, Sharp & Dohme
- Research Laboratories, 1987. P. 796.
-
- CECIL TEXTBOOK OF MEDICINE, 18th ed.: James B. Wyngaarden, and Lloyd H.
- Smith, Jr., Eds.: W. B. Saunders Co., 1988. P. 751.
-
-